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Europeos Foro técnico para preguntas sobre modificación o reparación de carros marca Volkswagen, BMW, Fiat, etc.

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Antiguo 29-Jul-2008, 23:30   #1
Ruffo
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K03 vs. K03 Sport vs. K04

K03 vs. K03 Sport vs. K04

The 1.8-liter turbo motor introduced in the Audi A4 and Volkswagen Passat (and soon, the New Beetle, see page 8) has reinvigorated the Volkswagen tuning industry like mechanical Viagra. Saddled with 2.0-liters that respond to mild tuning, but not much else, and VR6 engines that are rare and pricey, the 1.8T has proven not only inexpensive to upgrade, but responsive to those upgrades as only a turbo motor can be.


The secret to the engine's success lies in its electronically controlled wastegate. This gives the 1.8T an artificially flat torque curve (note that the stock torque spec is written "155 lb-ft @ 1750-4600 rpm). In its stock form, you hardly know the engine is turbocharged. It feels more like an exceptionally smooth, powerful, torquey four cylinder, which of course Is the whole point. The stock computer never lets the turbo act the way we normally think a turbo should act, by providing lots of boost at high engine speeds.


Modern technology can take advantage of this artificial wastegate programming. By making the stock computer more liberal with its wastegate programming--not to mention the fuel maps, spark maps, etc.--one can significantly increase the power in the stock 1.8T. 3ust by swapping out the computer, gains of up to 40 horsepower and beyond are possible. As long as the programming is done right, the power comes on smoothly and effortlessly. Because of the inherent adaptive programming in the stock computer (which remains unchanged) the modified computer will adapt itself to the engine, gradually reducing any detonation that may occur initially as miles accumulate. It's just about the perfect upgrade, especially considering that most computer upgrades go for roughly $400 and take about five minutes to install.


So the 1.8T has unlimited upgradability, right? Well, there's a catch. The stock KKK K03 turbo on the 1.8T is small. Very small. It's almost cute to look at. It was designed to improve torque with minimal lag on the 1.8T, something it is very good at. Unfortunately, this smallness imposes some restrictions on just how much boost one can pump through the turbo. According to Turbonetics in Moorpark, California, the stock K03 is happiest at about 12 pounds of boost because of the design of the blades: Going much further doesn't produce any really usable power. The K03 also uses a very small 4mm turbo shaft. Because of its size, the shaft becomes unstable excessive rpm, regardless of how well the turbo is balanced. As the shaft becomes unstable, it wobbles, and if the shaft wobbles, the blades will eventually scuff the side of the housing...or worse. Another limitation is the boost level itself. As was mentioned earlier, the K03 doesn't produce very good boost beyond about 12 lbs. The blade pitch is not designed to sustain boost beyond that threshold. This limits the 1.8T to about 200 hp with the stock K03 turbo.


Heat is another limiting factor. The K03 runs hot when pumping a lot of boost, as does any turbo. This is fine if you leave the 1.8T alone and never mess with boost levels. But if you start increasing the boost, things get hot quickly. Even after moderate driving, the turbo will glow brightly enough to see in even dim light. This in and of itself isn't a problem, but many owners don't take the time to properly cool down their turbocharged cars. Too many heat cycles without letting the turbo properly cool down could cause the housing to crack, which of course leads to a number of other problems. (This can really apply to all turbocharged vehicles, not just the 1.8T. Remember, one of the best investments you can make is a turbo timer to let the car cool properly after running.)


On other turbocharged engines, it would seem the most obvious thing to do would be to install a bigger turbo. However, there has not been a bigger turbo for the 1.8T until very recently. Enthusiasts looking to push their 1.8T beyond this 200 hp limit had two options. First, they could develop a custom turbo system, complete with manifold, mounting flange and all other accessories needed to install a bigger turbo. Second, they could simply modify the stock K03, making it a K03 Sport. Suffice it to say most people chose the latter route.


The K03 Sport does flow more air than the standard K03, and is capable of holding boost at the 15 lb level. Unfortunately, the K03 Sport was a stopgap measure. Modifying the stock K03 worked, but reliability was a factor for some people. The thin shaft remained, so balancing the bigger wheels of the K03 Sport was even more important. It was also difficult, and as mentioned before, the slightest imperfection could cause the shaft to wobble and the impeller blades to impact the sides of the turbo--or worse--at higher boost levels. There just wasn't a lot of room to play with in the K03. To top it all off, excessive heat was still a factor. This was exacerbated in the K03 Sport because its greater capacity begged higher boost levels, which means even more heat.


Then, along came the Audi TT. This car uses the same 1.8T engine as the Passat, but with a whopping 225 hp. It does this through the use of the K04. A bigger version of the K03, the K04 has bigger wheels than the K03 or even the K03 Sport. Subsequently, it can flow more air at the same boost level, without any reliability questions. The K04 is so much better than the K03 Sport in fact that virtually every tuner offering a turbo upgrade for the 1.8T has abandoned the K03 Sport in favor of the K04.

It is important to note, however, that even with its added capacity, the K04 is only capable of about 240 horsepower on the 1.8T. Turbonetics recommends keeping boost levels below 16 lbs because even the beefier K04 uses the small 4mm shaft. The advantage over the K03 Sport is better mid and high range power. Although the K04 runs at the same boost level as the K03 Sport, its higher capacity means that it will pump more air than its smaller cousin. For example, imagine you're filling a bucket with a garden hose. Now imagine filling the bucket with a fire hose, but at the same water pressure. It would fill faster, right? The same principle is at work here. This difference is most noticeable on the top end, but there is a satisfying growth in power in the midrange too. Greedspeed in Thousand Oaks, California offers a turbo upgrade kit based on Neuspeed's kit. The kit itself consists of the turbo, a ported manifold, spark plugs, thermostat and computer upgrade. The engine is quite responsive, with just a slight hint of turbo lag at the bottom end. When at full boost, however, it pulls strongly, yanking the Passat around with authority. It is still important to let the turbo cool properly, as it is quite capable of getting too hot. And for those who must have more power than even the K04 can provide...stay tuned...big things are on the horizon for the 1.8T.
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Antiguo 29-Jul-2008, 23:32   #2
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Muy interesante

pero deberia de irse a General Tech


saludos
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Antiguo 30-Jul-2008, 02:31   #3
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Por la vida de las putas

que buena firma
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